Yonaguska is a Cherokee name meaning "drowning bear", derived from the Cherokee words ᏲᎾ (yona) "bear" and possibly ᎫᏂᏍᎧ (guniska) "drown". This name is best known as the English name of a prominent Cherokee leader Yonaguska, also called Drowning Bear, who was a chief and reformer in the early 19th century. Historical Significance Yonaguska played a pivotal role in Cherokee history, particularly for the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. Serving as head chief of the Cherokee Middle Towns from around 1800 until his death in 1839, he is considered the first Principal Chief of the Eastern Band. His most notable achievement was his successful resistance to Indian removal. While many Cherokee were forcibly removed during the Trail of Tears in 1838, Yonaguska secured an exemption for his people by invoking their status as North Carolina citizens under the Treaty of 1819. He also led a temperance movement among the Oconaluftee Cherokee. Adopted Son and Legacy Yonaguska adopted William Holland Thomas, who became the tribe's attorney and purchased land on their behalf. This land formed the basis of the Qualla Boundary, the present-day reservation of the Eastern Band. The name Yonaguska thus connects Cherokee vocabulary and personal naming with a defining period of Cherokee survival and adaptation. Meaning: "Drowning bear"Origin: CherokeeType: First nameUsage region: Cherokee people, particularly among the Eastern Band