Polina is a feminine given name with roots in the Greek and Latin languages, widely used in Eastern Slavic cultures such as Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, as well as in Bulgaria and Greece. It can be interpreted as either a form of Paulina or a short form of Apollinariya.EtymologyAs a variant of Paulina, Polina ultimately descends from the Latin family name Paulinus, itself derived from Paulus (meaning "small" or "humble"; see Paul). Paulina is the feminine form of Paulinus, a diminutive of Paulus. The name Paulinus was borne by several early saints, including Saint Paulinus of Nola, a 5th-century bishop and poet, and a 7th-century missionary who became the first bishop of York. Alternatively, Polina can be a short form of Apollinariya, the feminine form of the Greek name Apollinaris, which is derived from the god Apollo. In Greek mythology, Apollo was the son of Zeus and Leto, twin of Artemis, and god of prophecy, medicine, music, art, law, beauty, and wisdom. The name Apollinaris appears in several early Christian saints, such as Saint Apollonia, a martyr and patron saint of dentists, and Saint Apolinaria, a female ascetic venerated in Eastern Orthodoxy.Cultural SignificanceIn modern times, Polina is primarily associated with Eastern Europe. It is particularly popular in Russia, where it has been common since the Soviet era, and in Ukraine and Bulgaria. The name's dual etymology—from Paul (meaning "humble") and Apollo (associated with light and arts)—gives it a rich symbolic range. In Greek usage, it is often a direct borrowing of the Slavic name. Notable BearersPolina Gagarina (born 1987), Russian singer and songwriter who represented Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015.Polina Edmunds (born 1998), American figure skater of Russian descent.Polina Vishnevskaya (born 1977), Russian long-distance runner.Polina Astakhova (1936–2005), Soviet Ukrainian gymnast who won multiple Olympic medals.Variants and Related NamesRelated forms include the Greek Pavlina, the Belarusian Palina, and the Slovak Pavlína. In Bulgarian, diminutives include Poli and Polya, and the masculine form is Pavlin. In Western European cultures, cognates include Pauline (Swedish), Paulien (Dutch), and its short form Lien.Meaning: Form of Paulina ("humble") or short form of Apollinariya (of Apollo)Origin: Greek, LatinType: Feminine given nameUsage regions: Bulgaria, Greece, Russia, Ukraine; also Belarus