Harold is an English masculine given name with deep roots in the Germanic language family. It derives from the Old English name Hereweald, composed of the elements here meaning "army" and weald meaning "powerful, mighty". The name thus carries the meaning of "army ruler" or "military power", a sense of authority and leadership that has been echoed by its bearers throughout history. The Old Norse cognate Haraldr, from the same Proto-Germanic source *harja-waldaz, was also common among Scandinavian settlers in England, particularly in the Danelaw regions. This influence bolstered the name's presence in medieval England. Etymology and History The name's lineage traces back to a Proto-Germanic compound *harja-waldaz, meaning "military-power" or "army-ruler". The Old English Hereweald and Old Norse Haraldr are parallel developments from this root. In Anglo-Saxon England, Hereweald was a well-established given name, as attested by historical records of kings and nobles. After the Norman Conquest of 1066—a direct consequence of the defeat of Harold II at the Battle of Hastings—the name's usage sharply declined, as it was associated with the vanquished Saxon elite. It remained relatively rare for centuries, only to be revived in the 19th century during the Victorian era's revival of medieval names. Notable Bearers The name Harold has been borne by multiple monarchs in Scandinavia and England. In Scandinavia, five kings of Norway and three kings of Denmark bore the name {and are often referred to as Harald in their native languages). Among them, Harald Fairhair (c. 850–c. 932) is credited with unifying Norway into a single kingdom. In England, two Harold kings reigned: Harold Harefoot, also known as Harold I (c. 1015–1040), who was King of England from 1035 to 1040; and Harold Godwinson, or Harold II (c. 1022–1066), the last Anglo-Saxon king of England, who lost both his crown and his life at the Battle of Hastings against William the Conqueror. According to tradition, Harold II was famously struck in the eye by an arrow, a scene famously depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry. Other notable figures include Hagrold (fl. 944–954), a Scandinavian chieftain in Normandy also known as Harold. Related Names and Variants The name has numerous cognates across Germanic languages. Among them are Harald (Swedish, Norwegian, Danish), Haraldur (Icelandic), Hariwald (Germanic), Hereweald (Anglo-Saxon original), Aroldo (Italian), and Eraldo (Italian). English surname descendants include Harrell and Harrelson. Meaning: "army ruler" or "military power" Origin: Proto-Germanic *harja-waldaz Type: Given name Usage Regions: English-speaking countries, Scandinavia